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Reference Material
Useful Tools & References
Access helpful charts, material references, and technical information to support your project planning and decision-making.
If you need additional guidance, our team is always available to help.
Downloadable Resources
Hardness Conversion Chart
Hardness values are approximate and may vary depending on material composition and processing conditions.
This online guide reproduces the Brinell, Rockwell C and Shore conversion values and material ranges in Chicago Flame Hardening’s printable reference. Download the original printable hardness chart (PDF).
How to use the hardness conversion chart
Find the value in the column for your stated hardness scale and read across the same row. Treat the result as an approximate comparison, not a replacement for testing in the scale required by your drawing. Material composition, structure and processing affect hardness relationships. Confirm the material, test method and acceptance requirements before using a converted value for a production decision.
| Brinell | Rockwell C | Shore |
|---|---|---|
| 682 | 62 | 84 |
| 653 | 60 | 81 |
| 627 | 59 | 79 |
| 601 | 58 | 77 |
| 578 | 56 | 75 |
| 555 | 55 | 73 |
| 534 | 54 | 71 |
| 514 | 52 | 70 |
| 495 | 51 | 68 |
| 477 | 50 | 66 |
| 461 | 48 | 65 |
| 444 | 47 | 63 |
| 429 | 46 | 61 |
| 415 | 44 | 59 |
| 401 | 43 | 58 |
| 388 | 42 | 56 |
| 375 | 40 | 54 |
| 363 | 39 | 52 |
| 352 | 38 | 51 |
| 341 | 37 | 50 |
| 331 | 36 | 48 |
| 321 | 34 | 47 |
| 311 | 33 | 46 |
| 302 | 32 | 45 |
| 293 | 31 | 43 |
| 285 | 30 | 42 |
| 277 | 29 | 41 |
| 269 | 28 | 40 |
| 262 | 27 | 39 |
| 255 | 25 | 38 |
| 248 | 24 | 37 |
| 241 | 23 | 36 |
| 235 | 22 | 35 |
Steel and iron reference ranges
These Rockwell C ranges are reproduced from our published chart. They are reference values, not guaranteed achievable hardness, material certification or a substitute for review of your specific part. The original chart does not identify the material condition or processing assumptions for each range.
| Steel / iron type | Rockwell C range |
|---|---|
| 1020 mild steel | 30–35 |
| 1035 | 45–50 |
| 1040 | 50–55 |
| 1045 | 55–60 |
| 1060 | 60–65 |
| 1145 | 55–60 |
| 1545 (speed treat) | 55–60 |
| 4140 | 58–62 |
| 4150 (maxel 3.5) | 60–65 |
| 4340 | 55–60 |
| 52100 | 60–65 |
| 8620 | 40–45 |
| Meehanite GA | 55–60 |
| Ductile Iron | 35–65 |
| Gray Iron | 35–60 |
| A36 | 40–45 |
Does this guide include Vickers hardness?
No. This company chart covers Brinell, Rockwell C and Shore. If your drawing specifies Vickers or another test method, send that requirement with your inquiry rather than substituting a scale from this chart.
What information should I include with a hardness requirement?
Send the material grade, drawing, hardness scale and range, surfaces to be treated, any case-depth requirement, inspection method, previous heat treatment and remaining machining allowance. Our team can review the requirements for flame hardening and related processing.
Request a project quote, email sales@cflame.com, or call (219) 397-6475.
Quick Reference
Process Overview
🔥 What is Flame Hardening?
A surface hardening process that increases wear resistance by heating specific areas and rapidly quenching.
⚙️ What is Stress Relieving?
A controlled heating process used to reduce internal stresses and improve dimensional stability.
🔧 What is Mechanical Straightening?
A process used to correct distortion and restore dimensional accuracy in large components.
